Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry

Chapter One: Stevia Glycosides: Chemical and Enzymatic Modifications of Their Carbohydrate Moieties to Improve the Sweet-Tasting Quality

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Steviol Glycoside Structures from S. rebaudiana
• 3 Steviol Variants of Glycoside Structures from S. rebaudiana
• 4 Stability of Steviol Glycosides
• 5 Structure–Sweetness Relationship
• 6 Chemical Modifications of Steviol Glycosides
• 7 Enzymatic Modifications of Steviol Glycosides
• 8 Patents Regarding Enzymatic Modifications of Steviol Glycosides
• 9 Concluding Remarks
• Addendum
• Acknowledgments

Chapter Two: Endoglycosidases for the Synthesis of Polysaccharides and Glycoconjugates

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Endoglycosidases in the Synthesis of Natural and Artificial Polysaccharides
• 3 Endoglycosidases in the Synthesis of N-Glycopeptides and N-Glycoproteins
• 4 Endoglycosidases for the Synthesis of Neoglycolipids and Glycosphingolipids
• 5 Concluding Remarks
• Acknowledgment

Chapter Three: Recent Advances Toward Robust N-Protecting Groups for Glucosamine as Required for Glycosylation Strategies

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 The Glycosylation Reaction
• 3 Acyclic N-Protecting Groups
• 4 Cyclic N-Protecting Groups
• 5 Latent Amino-Protecting Groups
• 6 Conclusions
• Acknowledgments

Chapter Four: Carbohydrate-Processing Enzymes of the Lysosome: Diseases Caused by Misfolded Mutants and Sugar Mimetics as Correcting Pharmacological Chaperones

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Carbohydrate-Processing Enzymes of the Glycosphingolipid Degradation Pathway
• 3 Lysosomal Glycogen Degradation and Glycogen Storage Disease
• 4 Enzymes of the Glycoprotein Degradation Pathway and Glycoproteinoses
• 5 Enzymes Involved in Mucopolysaccharide Degradation and Mucopolysaccharidoses
• 6 Conclusions and Outlook