Advances in Cancer Research

1st Edition, Volume 152 - August 3, 2021
Imprint: Academic Press
Editors: Paul B. Fisher, Kenneth D. Tew
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 2 5 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 2 6 - 4

Advances in Cancer Research, Volume 152, the latest release in this ongoing, well-regarded serial, provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer… Read more

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Advances in Cancer Research, Volume 152, the latest release in this ongoing, well-regarded serial, provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Chapter One: Acetylcholinesterase and human cancers
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase
3: Isoforms of AChE and BuChE
4: Expression and functional activity of AChE in cancer cells
5: AChE ligands in cancer therapy
6: Conclusions and future directions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Two: Head and neck cancer: Current challenges and future perspectives
Abstract
1: Key points
2: Background
3: Genetic landscape and key pathways in HNSCC
4: HPV-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
5: Perspective insights in the tumor microenvironment
6: Therapeutic implications and future prospectives
7: Conclusion
Chapter Three: Metabolic control of cancer progression as novel targets for therapy
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Metabolic heterogeneity between tumor types
3: Metabolic strategies engaged during tumorigenesis
4: Metabolic regulation of metastasis
5: Tumor-microenvironment and metabolic crosstalk in cancer progression
6: Overlap in metabolic signatures of cancer cells and stem cells
7: Metabolism and cancer therapy
8: Conclusion
9: Future prospects
Acknowledgments
Chapter Four: Targeting heat shock protein 90 for anti-cancer drug development
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: HSP 90 and cancer
3: Heat shock protein 90 as an anti-cancer drug target
4: Conclusions
Chapter Five: DNA methylation inhibitors: Retrospective and perspective view
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes
3: DNA methylation and genomic instability
4: Current approaches in developing DNA methylation inhibitors
5: Nucleoside analogs as DNA methylation inhibitors
6: Non-nucleoside analogs as DNA methylation inhibitors
7: Antisense oligonucleosides as DNA demethylating agents
8: DNA methylation inhibitors and combination therapy
9: Conclusion
Chapter Six: Roles of the tumor suppressor inhibitor of growth family member 4 (ING4) in cancer
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: ING4 gene organization and protein structure/function
3: ING4 gene regulation
4: Dysregulation of ING4 and cancer progression
5: ING4 as a biomarker and potential target in cancer
6: Conclusion and future directions
Chapter Seven: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases: A new paradigm in an old signaling system?
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: PTPs as both negative and positive regulators of cell signaling
3: PTPs as tumor suppressors and tumor enhancers
4: The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase superfamily of enzymes
5: The classical PTP domain
6: Catalytic mechanism and the conserved active site
7: Determinants of catalytic efficiency
8: A second site loop and gateway residues
9: Redox sensitivity of the PTP active site
10: The receptor PTPs
11: Role of extracellular domains—Case of PTPμ
12: The D1-D2 interface in tandem domain RPTPs
13: Characteristics defining the pseudophosphatase D2 domain
14: Dimerization and the catalytic domain
15: D2 domain as a scaffold for protein-protein interactions
16: Conclusions and future directions
Chapter Eight: Cisplatin chemotherapy and renal function
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Cisplatin renal uptake and excretion
3: Bioactivation of cisplatin in the kidney
4: Oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
5: Antioxidants against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
6: Conclusion and future direction
Chapter Nine: Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1): A key driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: The molecular biology of HCC
3: A brief history of AEG-1
4: Localization and sequence motifs of AEG-1
5: Mechanism of AEG-1 overexpression in cancer
6: AEG-1: Clinicopathologic findings in HCC
7: Cellular signaling affected by AEG-1 in HCC
8: Cooperation/interaction of AEG-1 with other oncogenes/proteins to promote HCC
9: AEG-1 binds to RNA: Regulation of translation
10: AEG-1 and hallmarks of cancer: Specific examples
11: AEG-1 targeting as a potential therapy for HCC
12: Challenges and future perspectives
13: Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Ten: Reductive stress in cancer
Abstract
1: Introduction to redox homeostasis
2: What is reductive stress?
3: Redox pairs and biological elements of oxidative/reductive stress
4: ROS generated by reductive stress
5: Nrf2 gene regulation in reductive stress
6: Initiation/progression, metastasis and metabolic reprograming
7: Energy metabolism under reductive stress in Cancer
8: Reductive stress and therapeutic opportunities
9: Conclusions

Paul B. Fisher

Paul B. Fisher, MPh, PhD, FNAI, Professor and Chairman, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Director, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine Thelma Newmeyer Corman Chair in Cancer Research in the VCU Massey Cancer Center, VCU, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, and Emeritus Professor, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY. Dr. Fisher is among the top 10% of NIH funded investigators over the past 35-years, published approximately 625 papers and reviews, and has 55 issued patents. He pioneered novel gene/discovery approaches (subtraction hybridization), developed innovative therapeutic approaches (Cancer Terminator Viruses), presented numerous named and distinguished lectures, founded several start-up companies, was Virginia Outstanding Scientist of 2014 and elected to the National Academy of Inventors in 2018. Dr. Fisher is a prominent nationally and internationally recognized cancer research scientist focusing on understanding the molecular and biochemical basis of cancer development and progression to metastasis and using this garnered information to develop innovative approaches for diagnosing and treating cancer. He discovered and patented novel genes and gene promoters relevant to cancer growth control, differentiation and apoptosis. His discoveries include the first cloning of p21 (CDK inhibitor), human polynucleotide phosphorylase, mda-9/syntenin (a pro-metastatic gene), mda-5 and mda-7/IL-24, which has shown promising clinical activity in Phase I/II clinical trials in patients with advanced cancers. Dr. Fisher alsohas a documented track record as a successful seasoned entrepreneur. He was Founder and Director of GenQuest Incorporated, a functional genomics company, which merged with Corixa Corporation in 1998, traded on NASDAQ and was acquired by GlaxoSmithKline in 2006. He discovered the cancer-specific PEG-Prom, which is the core technology of Cancer Targeting Systems (CTS, Inc.), a Virginia/Maryland-based company (at Johns Hopkins Medical Center) focusing on imaging and therapy (“theranostics”) of metastatic cancer (2014) by Drs. Fisher and Martin G. Pomper. He co-founded InVaMet Therapeutics (IVMT) and InterLeukin Combinatorial Therapies (ILCT) with Dr. Webster K. Cavenee (UCSD) (2017/2018).

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Virginia, USA

Kenneth D. Tew

Professor & Chairman, Dept of Cell & Molecular Pharmacology John C. West Chair of Cancer Research, Medical University of South Carolina, USA

The Tew laboratory maintains an interest in using redox pathways as a platform to develop therapeutic strategies through drug discovery/development and biomarker identification. We interrogate how reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) impact cancer cells and develop novel drugs that impact on glutathione based pathways. Our research efforts have been integral to studies that have identified glutathione S-transferases (GST) as important in drug resistance, catalytic detoxification and as arbiters of kinase-mediated cell signaling events. In addition, we have been instrumental in defining how GSTP contributes to the process by which cells respond to ROS by selective addition of glutathione to specific protein clusters, so called S-glutathionylation. Each of these research areas has had broad impact on a number of cancer disciplines. Moreover, we have also been seminally involved in the Phase I to III clinical testing of three oncology drugs, Telcyta, Telintra and NOV-002. Other ongoing translational efforts have produced two ongoing clinical trials to measure the effectiveness of serum S-glutathionylated serine proteinase inhibitors as possible biomarkers for exposure to hydrogen peroxide mouthwashes and radiation.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor and Chairman, Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology John C. West Chair of Cancer Research, Medical University of South Carolina, USA

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