Advances in Bacterial Pathogen Biology

Chapter One: Energetics of Pathogenic Bacteria and Opportunities for Drug Development

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Bacterial Energetics as a Target Space for Drug Development
• 3 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
• Acknowledgements

Chapter Two: The Impact of Horizontal Gene Transfer on the Biology of Clostridium difficile

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction to Clostridium difficile and CDI
• 2 Introns
• 3 IStrons
• 4 Mobilisable Transposons
• 5 Conjugative Transposons
• 6 Other Integrative MGEs in C. difficile
• 7 The skin^Cd Element
• 8 Bacteriophages
• 9 Transfer of the PaLoc
• 10 Conclusions

Chapter Three: Metal Ion Homeostasis in Listeria monocytogenes and Importance in Host–Pathogen Interactions

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Overview of Listeria monocytogenes Disease Progression
• 3 Control of Metal Levels in Bacteria
• 4 L. monocytogenes and Zinc
• 5 L. monocytogenes and Copper
• 6 Concluding Remarks

Chapter Four: The Role of Macrophages in the Innate Immune Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus: Mechanisms and Contrasts

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 S. pneumoniae Virulence Factors Impede Phagocytosis and Its Consequences
• 3 S. aureus Virulence Factors Subvert Multiple Innate Immune Responses Including Intracellular Killing
• 4 Origins of Macrophages
• 5 The Spectrum of Macrophage Activation
• 6 Epigenetic Regulation of Macrophage Function
• 7 Mechanisms of Macrophage Phagocytosis
• 8 Phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae and S. aureus
• 9 Intracellular Localisation of Bacteria
• 10 Microbial Killing by Macrophages
• 11 Apoptosis-Associated Killing Complements Clearance of S. pneumoniae
• 12 Macrophage Killing of S. aureus
• 13 Macrophage Orchestration of the Inflammatory Response
• 14 Pattern Recognition Receptors in the Recognition of S. pneumoniae and S. aureus
• 15 Conclusion
• Conflict of Interest

Chapter Five: Aeromonas Flagella and Colonisation Mechanisms

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Flagella
• 3 Lipopolysaccharide and Capsules
• 4 Pili
• 5 Outer-Membrane Proteins and S-Layer
• 6 Aeromonad Colonisation and Host Response
• 7 Conclusions and Outlook

Chapter Six: Physiological Adaptations of Key Oral Bacteria

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Key Oral Environmental Niches
• 3 The Major Infections of the Oral Cavity
• 4 Bacterial Adaptations in the Oral Cavity
• 5 Surface Adhesins as Colonisation Factors of Oral Bacteria
• 6 Stress Responses of Import in Colonisation and Infection by Oral Bacteria
• 7 Summary and Future Perspectives
• Acknowledgements

Chapter Seven: Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli and Their Interaction with the Host

• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infection
• 3 Adhesins
• 4 Toxins
• 5 Iron-Acquisition Systems
• 6 Immune Evasion Mechanisms
• 7 Conclusion