Advanced Microbial Technology for Sustainable Agriculture and Environment

1st Edition - May 18, 2023
Editors: Saurabh Gangola, Saurabh Kumar, Samiksha Joshi, Pankaj Bhatt
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 0 9 0 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 0 9 1 - 6

Advanced Microbial Technology for Sustainable Agriculture and Environment focuses on plant-microbe interactions in respect to bioremediation and plant growth promotion, provid… Read more

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Advanced Microbial Technology for Sustainable Agriculture and Environment focuses on plant-microbe interactions in respect to bioremediation and plant growth promotion, providing insights on diverse approaches such as genomics, metagenomics, proteomics, bioinformatics and other high-throughput analyses of environmentally relevant microorganisms. The impact of frequent applications of potentially toxic chemicals (pesticides and fertilizers) and increased industrialization processes on microbial diversity emphasizes the potential threat to microbial biodiversity in ecosystems. This is an ideal resource on current trends and the future of PGPR developments with bioremediation potential.

Moreover, it gives a deep understanding of the genetics of microbial biodegradation and different remediation mechanisms that help to re-establish the natural environment.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Chapter 1. Recent molecular and omics approaches to study rhizosphere functioning
Introduction
Techniques for fingerprinting
Omics approaches
Recent omics methodologies to study rhizosphere dynamics
Metagenomics
Metaproteomics
Metatranscriptomics
Metametabolomics
Challenges linked with multi-omics analysis of rhizosphere
Conclusions
Chapter 2. Role of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms toward the development of hill agriculture
Introduction
Hill agroecosystems and problems associated with hill agriculture
Influence of biotic and abiotic factors on hill agriculture productivity
Psychrophilic microorganisms and their adaptation mechanisms
Applications of psychrophilic microbes in reclamation of soil health
Conclusion
Chapter 3. Remediation of heavy metals by rhizospheric bacteria and their mechanism of detoxification
Introduction
Biological availability of metals in soil
Heavy metals and ecotoxicity
Challenges and possible solution for heavy metal detoxification
Bioremediation
The urgency for metal bioremediation
Mechanism of heavy metals detoxification using microorganisms
Use of recombinant rhizobia for bioremediation
Use of metallothionein and phytochelatins for metal sequestration
Conclusion
Chapter 4. Microbial exopolysaccharides and their application for bioremediation of environmental pollutants
Introduction
Types and chemical composition of EPS
Biosynthetic pathways
General pathway
Biosynthesis by sucrase enzyme
Wzx/Wzy dependent pathway
ABC transporter pathway
Synthase-dependent pathway
Applications of microbial polysaccharide for environmental pollutant remediation
Conclusion
Chapter 5. Insight into enzyme assisted degradation of environmental contaminants
Introduction
Oxidoreductase
Oxygenase
Monooxygenase
Dioxygenase
Laccase
Peroxidase
Lignin peroxidase
Manganese peroxidase
Horseradish peroxidase
Hydrolase
Lipase
Cellulase
Carboxylesterase
Phosphotriesterase
Haloalkane dehalogenases
Enzyme-based tools and advanced techniques
Genetic engineering
Enzyme engineering
Enzyme immobilization
Conclusion
Chapter 6. Technological advancement in tool and technique used for biodegradation analysis
Introduction
Bioinformatics tools
Pathway prediction systems for biodegradation
Next-generation sequencing method
Techniques used in biodegradation studies
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
High-pressure liquid chromatography
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis
Gel permeation chromatography
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Scanning electron microscopy
Another method used to monitor biodegradation of bioplastics
Summary
Conclusion
Chapter 7. Role of hidden microbes in sustainable agriculture
Introduction
Various kinds of microbes found in association with plants
Methods to study microbes associated to plants
Role of microbes in promoting sustainable agriculture
Efficient delivery methods of beneficial microbes to the crops
Conclusion
Chapter 8. Rhizosphere engineering for sustainable agriculture
Introduction
Rhizosphere and rhizosphere engineering
Rhizosphere engineering through plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria
How PGPR work in rhizosphere to enhance plant productivity?
Biocontrol of plant pathogens
Production of siderophores
Production of lytic enzymes
Chitinase
Protease
Glucanase
Antibiosis
Induction of host resistance
Regulation of ISR and SAR signal transduction pathways
Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 9. Role of microorganisms in agricultural waste management
Introduction
Components of agricultural waste
Microbes involved in agricultural waste management
Chapter 10. Tracking of soil microbial inoculates for sustainable agriculture
Introduction
Methods used for detection of microbial population
Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis
Polymerase chain reaction
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis/temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
Random amplified polymorphic DNA and DNA amplification fingerprinting
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms
Fluorescent in situ hybridization
Ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis
DNA Microarray Technologies
Molecular biosensors
Nucleic acids–based stable isotope probing
Pyrosequencing and metagenomic libraries
Conclusion
Future prospects
Chapter 11. Role of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable agriculture
Introduction
Different taxa identified as PGPR
Mechanisms of action of PGPR
Role of PGPR in sustainable agriculture
Practical constraints in bringing from lab to land
Tips to get a good response to PGPR application
Precautions before PGPR application
Future line of work
Chapter 12. PGPR-mediated mitigation of biotic and abiotic stress in plants
Introduction
Plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria
The role of rhizospheric microbes in plant stress tolerance
The role of plant growth–promoting bacteria
Plant-associated fungi confer stress tolerance to plants
Applications of PGPR
Mechanism shown by PGPR
Conclusion
Chapter 13. The future of PGPR-based plant growth promotion and bioremediation technologies
Introduction
Potential roles of PGPR for sustainable agriculture
Latest advancements in the application of PGPR
Current challenges in PGPR-based bioformulation
Commercialization of PGPR
In future, works can be focused on
Conclusion
Chapter 14. Microbial remediation for environmental cleanup
Introduction
Ex situ techniques
In situ bioremediation techniques
Permeable reactive barriers
Factors affecting microbial bioremediation
Site characterization and selection
Metal ions and toxic compounds
Microbial bioremediations
Mechanism of the bioremediation
Function of biofilms in the process of bioremediation
Microbial enzymes used in bioremediation
Bioremediation using microbial bioreactors
Microbial bioreactors in bioremediation
Conclusion and future prospects
Index

Saurabh Gangola

Saurabh Gangola is currently working as an assistant professor at the School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. He has completed his M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Microbiology from G.B.P.U.A.& T., Pantnagar, U.S Nagar, India. His area of specialization is bioremediation and biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds (including pesticides, hydrocarbons, and azo dye), degradation kinetics, microbial stress-responsive enzymes, bioinformatics, molecular biology, plant-microbe interaction, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, culturable and unculturable microorganisms, and metagenomics. He has published 21 research and review articles in highly reputed international journals and authored 10 book chapters. He has also edited 1 book published by Springer.

Affiliations and expertise

School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India

Saurabh Kumar

Saurabh Kumar works in Agricultural Microbiology at ICAR- Research Complex for Eastern Region in Patna, India.

Affiliations and expertise

Agricultural Microbiology, ICAR- Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, India

Samiksha Joshi

Samiksha Joshi is working as an Assistant Professor at Shri Ram Group of Colleges, Department of Biosciences, Muzaffarnagar, India. She has completed her M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Microbiology from G.B.P.U.A.&T., Pantnagar, U.S Nagar, India. Her area of expertise is microbiology, molecular biology, Plant-microbe interaction, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, metagenomics, biodegradation, and bioremediation. She has published 8 research and review articles in reputed international journals and has authored 8 book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Shri Ram Group of Colleges, Department of Biosciences, Muzaffarnagar, India

Pankaj Bhatt

Dr. Pankaj Bhatt completed his PhD. in microbiology from G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. His research focused on the molecular and microbiological basis of bioremediation. Dr Bhatt has published several articles in high impact factor leading journals including Scientific Reports, Frontiers in Microbiology, Chemosphere, Environmental research, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, and 3-Biotech. He has also published several book chapters on microbial biotechnology. Presently he is working as a Post-Doctoral researcher at Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou China.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (P.G) College of Biomedical and Natural Sciences Dehradun, India