The Liver

Contributors

Preface

Contents of Volume I (Chapters 1-11)


12. Excretory Function of the Liver

I. Introduction

II. Bile Formation

III. Bile Acids

IV. Bile Pigments

V. Sulfobromophthalein Sodium

References


13. Functions of the Kupffer Cells

I. Historical Survey

II. Functions of Kupffer Cells

III. Factors That Modify Functions of Kupffer Cells

References


14. Regeneration of the Liver

I. Introduction

II. Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy

III. Regeneration after Acute Doses of Necrotizing Agents

IV. Regeneration after Bile Duct Obstruction

V. Regeneration after Chronic Dietary Injury

VI. Conclusion

Addendum

References


15. The Liver and Steroid Hormone Metabolism

I. Sites of Origin and Nature of Primary Steroid Hormones

II. Factors Modifying Plasma Hormone Levels

III. Turnover Rates

IV. Excretory Pathways

V. Metabolic Patterns of Neutral Steroid Hormones

VI. Metabolic Patterns of Phenolic Steroid Hormones

VII. Conjugation of Steroid Hormones

VIII. Effects of Liver Disease

IX. Other Clinical Disorders Affecting Liver Function

X. Steroid Metabolism in the Fetus and Infant

XI. Role of the Liver in Steroid Pharmacology

XII. Summary

References


16. The Liver and Vitamins

I. Introduction

II. Vitamin A

III. Vitamin D

IV. Vitamin E

V. Vitamin K

VI. Vitamin B1

VII. Vitamin B2

VIII. Vitamin B6

IX. Vitamin B12

X. Folic Acid

XI. Biotin

XII. Nicotinic Acid

XIII. Pantothenic Acid

XIV. Vitamin C

References


17. Liver and Blood Coagulation

I. Introduction

II. Mechanism of Blood Coagulation

III. Coagulation Factors or Procoagulants

IV. Liver Diseases and Procoagulants

V. Site of Procoagulant Synthesis in the Organism

VI. The Role of Vitamin K

VII. Other Mechanisms Affecting Blood Coagulation in Liver Disease, Unrelated to Deficient Procoagulant Synthesis

References


18. Liver Function Tests

I. Introduction

II. The Purifying Activity of the Reticuloendothelial System

III. The Purifying Activity of the Hepatic Parenchyma

IV. Uptake of Vitamin B12 by the Liver

V. Metabolism of Bilirubin

VI. Serum Albumin and the Reactions of Protein Imbalance of the Blood

VII. Enzymatic Activities of Fragments Obtained by Puncture Biopsy

References


19. Methods and Techniques for Measurement of Hepatic Physiology and Metabolism

I. Introduction

II. Hepatectomy—the Study of the Liverless Animal

III. Hepatic Perfusion Techniques—the Bridge between in Vitro and in Vivo Studies

IV. Methods for Catheterizing the Major Hepatic Vessels—a Preparation for the Study of Hepatic Physiology and Metabolism in Vivo

V. Hepatic Blood Flow Methods

VI. Hepatic Vascular Procedures

References


20. Death of Liver Tissue A Review of Cell Death, Necrosis, and Autolysis

I. Terminology: "Cellular Death," "Necrosis," "Autolysis"

II. Methods for the Study of Cell Death in Liver Tissue

III. Studies on Liver Implants

IV. Studies on Liver Tissues in Vitro and Post-Mortem

V. Death of a Liver Cell: A Tentative Sequence of Events

References


21. Experimental Dietetic Injury of the Liver

I. Introduction

II. Etiological Factors

III. Pathogenesis

IV. Relation of Experimental Dietary Liver Disease to Primary Tumors of the Liver

References


22. Experimental Toxic Injury of the Liver

I. Introduction

II. General Considerations

III. The Production of Hepatic Changes by Toxins

IV. Modifying Factors of Toxic Reaction

V. Pathogenesis of Experimental Toxic Injury

References


23. Experimental Cirrhosis

I. Introduction

II. Morphologic Types of Cirrhosis

III. General Concept of Pathogenesis of Cirrhosis ( Architecture )

IV. Fibrogenesis and Collagenosis

V. Pathogenesis of Regeneration Nodules

VI. Special Features

VII. Contributions from the Studies of Experimental Cirrhosis to the Problem in Man

VIII. Congenital Cirrhosis in Experimental Animals

IX. Obstructive Cirrhosis

X. Toxic Agents

XI. Experimental Cirrhosis Following Infections

XII. Cirrhogenic Agents of a Metabolic Nature

XIII. Conclusion

References


24. Carcinoma of the Liver in Man

I. Classification of Carcinomata of the Liver

II. Morphology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

III. Transformation of Hepatic Muralium into Ductal Structures

IV. Spread of Hepatoma and Cholangioma

V. Metastatic Carcinoma to the Liver

VI. Relation of Hepatoma to Cirrhosis

VII. Frequency of Primary Liver Cancer

References


25. Liver and Viruses: Experimental Studies

I. Introduction

II. Review of Representative Studies

III. Equine Abortion Virus (EAV)

References


26. The Necrotropic Liver-Protective Substances

I. Degeneration and Necrosis of the Liver Cell as a Scale for Measuring the Necrotropic Effect

II. Testing of Liver-Protective Substances

III. The Necrotropic Substances, Their Classification and Grouping

IV. General Considerations of the Mode of Action of Necrotropic Substances

References

Author Index

Subject Index