Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology, and Control

Preface

Contents of Volume I

Part I: Diseases


1. Wheat and Rye Stem Rust

I. Introduction

II. Life Cycle

III. Disease Cycle

IV. Physiological Specialization

V. Control

VI. Losses

VII. The Future

References


2. Wheat Leaf Rust

I. Introduction

II. Distribution and Importance of Wheat Leaf Rust

III. Taxonomy

IV. Physiologic Specialization

V. Evolutionary Trends in Leaf Rust Races

VI. Host-Parasite Genetics in the Wheat Leaf Rust System

VII. Control

VIII. Conclusions

References


3. Stripe Rust

I. Introduction

II. Nomenclature

III. Life Cycle and Phytogeny

IV. Host Range

V. Continental Dispersal

VI. Physiologic Specialization

vVII. Host Resistance

VIII. Stripe Rust on Wheat

IX. Stripe Rust on Barley

References


4. Oat Stem Rust

I. Introduction

II. Distribution and Importance

III. Pathogenic Specialization and Virulence Dynamics

IV. Environmental Factors Affecting the Host-Parasite Interaction

V. Genetics and Cytology of the Pathogen

VI. Host Resistance and Control Strategies

VII. Conclusions

References


5. Crown Rust

I. Introduction

II. Geographic Distribution

III. Economic Importance

IV. Taxonomy

V. Pathogenic Specialization

VI. Genetics of Puccinia coronata

VII. Signs and Symptoms

VIII. Life History of Puccinia coronata

IX. Epidemiology

X. Control

References


6. Barley Leaf Rust

I. Introduction

II. The Pathogen

III. The Disease

IV. Disease Control

V. Conclusions and Future Prospects

References


7. Corn and Sorghum Rusts

I. Introduction

II. Common Corn Rust

III. Southern Corn Rust

IV. Tropical Corn Rust

V. Sorghum Rust

VI. Future Outlook

References


8. Sugarcane Rusts

I. Introduction

II. History and Distribution

III. Economic Importance

IV. Taxonomy and Nomenclature

V. Symptoms

VI. Inoculum and Epidemics

VII. Factors That Influence Urediospore Germination

VIII. Factors That Influence Infection

IX. Host Resistance Development

X. Pathogenic Specialization

XI. Host Range

XII. Pathological Histology

XIII. Coexistence with Other Diseases

XIV. Control

References

Part II. Disease Distribution


9. World Distribution in Relation to Economic Losses

I. Cereal Crops and Their Allies

II. Epidemiological Zones for the Cereal Rusts

III. Long-Distance Dissemination

IV. Epidemics and Yield Losses

V. Future Prospects

References

Part III: Epidemiology


10. Epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand

I. Introduction

II. Wheat-Growing Regions

III. Terminology

IV. Race Survey

V. Wheat Stem Rust Epiphytotics

VI. Stem Rust of Wheat

VII. The Establishment of Exotic Strains

VIII. Durable Resistance and Establishment of Virulent Mutants

IX. Leaf Rust of Wheat

X. Stripe Rust of Wheat

XI. Stem Rust of Rye

XII. Leaf Rust of Rye

XIII. Stem Rust of Barley

XIV. Leaf Rust of Barley

XV. Stem Rust of Oats

XVI. Crown Rust of Oats

XVII. Summary

References


11. Epidemiology in Europe

I. Introduction

II. Historical Note

III. The Ingredients of an Epidemic

IV. Rust Dispersal Studies

V. Overseasoning of Rusts

VI. Alternate Hosts

VII. Case Studies

VIII. Final Remarks

References


12. Epidemiology in the Indian Subcontinent

I. Introduction

II. Nature and Recurrence of Wheat Rusts

III. The Stem Rust Puzzle

IV. Leaf and Stripe Rusts in the Indo-Gangetic Plain

V. Leaf and Stripe Rusts in South India

VI. Pathogen Variability

VII. Disease Management Approaches

VIII. Food Resources Management

IX. Possible Future Trends

References


13. Epidemiology in North America

I. Introduction and History

II. Wheat Production and Rust Epidemics

III. Sources of Inoculum

IV. Exogenous Inoculum

V. Endogenous Inoculum

VI. Urediospore Movement

VII. Factors Affecting Epidemic Development

VIII. The Future

References


14. Disease Modeling and Simulation

I. Introduction

II. Modeling the Rust Monocycle

III. Modeling the Rust Polycycle

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

Part IV: Control


15. Resistance of the Race-Specific Type

I. Introduction

II. History of Race-Specific Resistance

III. Types of Specific Resistance

IV. Expression of Specific Resistance

V. Sources of Specific-Type Resistance

VI. Use of Specific-Type Resistance

VII. Conclusions

References


16. Resistance of the Non-Race-Specific Type

I. Introduction

II. Terminology

III. Specificity

IV. Theoretical Aspects of Non-Race-Specificity

V. Resistance of the Non-Race-Specific Type

VI. Selection for Partial Resistance

VII. Usefulness of Partial Resistance

References


17. Genetic Diversity and Cereal Rust Management

I. Rust Development in Agricultural versus Natural Ecosystems—The Call for Diversity

II. Intrafield Diversity

III. Interfield Diversity

V. Temporal Diversity

VI. Effects of Host Diversity on the Population Genetics of the Cereal Rusts

VII. Concluding Remarks

References


18. Evaluation of Chemicals for Rust Control

I. Introduction

II. In Vitro Tests

III. In Vivo Tests

IV. Concluding Statement

References

Index