Advances in Radiation Biology

Contributors

Preface

ADP-Ribose in DNA Repair: A New Component of DNA Excision Repair

I. Introduction

II. NAD Metabolism

III. Biosynthesis of (ADP-Ribose)n

IV. Requirement of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase for DNA

V. Inhibition of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase

VI. Protein Acceptors of (ADP-Ribose)n

VII. DNA Damage and NAD Metabolism: Effect of Cytotoxic Agents on NAD Metabolism

VIII. DNA Damage and Activation of ADP-Ribosyl Transferase

IX. Fragmentation of DNA and Activation of ADP-Ribosyl Transferase

X. ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors Prevent the Drop in NAD after DNA Damage

XI. Inhibitors of ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Activity Retard DNA Excision Repair

XII. ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors Potentiate the Cytotoxicity of DNA-Damaging Agents

XIII. ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors Do Not Inhibit Postreplication Repair

XIV. ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors Increase the Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange

XV. Nutritional Deprivation of Nicotinamide Inhibits DNA Excision Repair

XVI. The Molecular Mechanism of Action of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase in DNA Excision Repair

XVII. ADP-Ribosylation Regulates DNA Ligase II Activity

XVIII. Species, Tissue, and Drug Specificity of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Involvement in DNA Repair

XIX. The Potential Significance of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase in Carcinogenesis

XX. The Potential of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors in Cancer Chemotherapy

XXI. Perspectives

XXII. Conclusions

References

The Inhibition of DNA Repair

I. Introduction: The Debate over the Possibility of Inhibiting DNA Repair

II. Detecting the Immediate Consequences of Inhibited Repair

III. Inhibitors Illuminate the Molecular Mechanism of Repair

IV. The Curious Case of Hydroxyurea

V. The Analytical Use of Inhibition of Repair

VI. The Effects of Inhibitors of DNA Repair on the Development of Chromosome Aberrations

VII. Concluding Remarks

References

The Photochemistry and Photobiology of Furocoumarins (Psoralens)

I. Introduction

II. Photochemistry of Psoralens

III. Biological Effects of PUVA

IV. Biochemical Responses to PUVA

V. Molecular Biological Applications

VI. Medical Applications

VII. Concluding Remarks

References

Radiation Risk from Combined Exposures to Ionizing Radiations and Chemicals

I. Introduction

II. Terminology and Mode of Interaction

III. Sequence and Time Interval of the Exposures to Two Agents

IV. Differences in Defining the Actual Exposure Doses from Ionizing Radiation and Chemicals

V. Classification of Chemicals That May Interact with Ionizing Radiation

VI. Conclusions

References

An Overview of Experimental Investigations of Interactions between Certain Antitumor Drugs and X-Irradiation in Vitro

I. Introduction

II. Fundamental Concepts

III. Experimental in Vitro Investigations of Drug-Radiation Interactions

IV. Clinical Implications and Prospects

References

Free-Radical Processes in Radiation and Chemical Carcinogenesis

I. Introduction

II. Free Radicals

III. Activation

IV. Conclusion

References

Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

I. Introduction

II. Historical Background

III. Physical Characteristics of Heavy-Ion Beams

IV. Heavy-Ion Radiobiology of Cells at the Bevalac

V. Applications to Cancer Research

VI. Summary

References

Radon in the Environment

I. Introduction

II. Properties of Radon and Its Decay Products

III. Distribution of Radon in the Environment

IV. Radon in Indoor Environments

V. Radon Dosimetry

VI. Health Effects of Radon and Radon Daughters

VII. Detection of Radon and Radon Daughters

VIII. Summary

References

Index

Contents of Other Volumes