Advances in Radiation Biology

Volume 8

1st Edition - December 28, 1979
Editors: John T. Lett, Howard Adler
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 0 3 5 4 0 8 - 5
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 3 5 1 3 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 8 1 9 0 - 2

Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 8, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field of radiation biology. The book contains nine chapters and opens with a study on… Read more

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Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 8, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the field of radiation biology. The book contains nine chapters and opens with a study on aspects of oxygen enhancement ratio and relative biological effectiveness that are relevant to neutron therapy. This is followed by separate chapters on the clinical application of negative pi mesons; the clinical features and cellular and biochemical defects in human diseases, with an emphasis on defects in DNA metabolism, particularly DNA repair; recombination in eukaryotes; and the principal mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in higher plants. Subsequent chapters deal with the effect of oxygen on the repair of radiation damage by cells and tissues; the effects of ionizing radiation on mammalian cells; heritable lesions affecting populations of irradiated mammalian cells; and environmental impact of tritium.

Contributors

Contents of Other Volumes

Aspects of OER and RBE Relevant to Neutron Therapy

I. Introduction

II. Early Studies

III. The Rationale for Fast Neutron Therapy

IV. The Oxygen Effect

V. Repair after X Rays and Neutrons

VI. Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for Normal Tissues

VII. Mixtures of Neutrons and X Rays

VIII. Responses of Tumors

IX. Clinical Results

X. Conclusions

References

Present Status of the Proposed Use of Negative Pi Mesons in Radiotherapy

I. Introduction

II. The Pion Proposal

III. Single-Cell Survival

IV. Somatic-Cell Mutagenesis Studies

V. Multicellular Tumor Spheroid Studies

VI. Normal versus Tumor Tissue Responses in the Laboratory

VII. Normal versus Tumor Tissue Responses in the Clinic

VIII. Summary

References

Human Diseases Associated with Defective DNA Repair

I. Introduction

II. Xeroderma Pigmentosum

III. Ataxia Telangiectasia (Louis-Bar Syndrome)

IV. Fanconis Anemia

V. The Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome

VI. Bloom's Syndrome

VII. Cockayne's Syndrome

VIII. Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

IX. Retinoblastoma

X. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

XI. Miscellaneous Human Diseases with Possible DNA Repair Defects

XII. Conclusions

References

The Induction of Molecular and Genetic Recombination in Eukaryotic Cells

I. Introduction

II. Meiotic Recombination in General

III. Mitotic Recombination

IV. Mechanisms of Induced Mitotic Recombination

V. The Relation between Induced Recombination in Lower and Higher Eukaryotes

VI. Concluding Comments

References

DNA Damage and Repair in Higher Plants

I. Introduction

II. Some Features of Injury of Plants and Plant DNA by Radiation and Chemical Treatments

III. Principal Ways of Repair of DNA Damage

IV. Initial Approaches to the Study of Repair in Higher Plants

V. Photoreactivation in Higher Plants

VI. Excision Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with UV-Irradiation

VII. Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with Ionizing Radiation

VIII. Repair of Damage Induced in Plant DNA with Chemical Mutagens and Carcinogens

IX. Inhibition of Repair Processes in Higher Plants

X. Repair and Mutagenesis

XI. Concluding Remarks

References

The Effect of Oxygen on the Repair of Radiation Damage by Cells and Tissues

I. Introduction

II. Important Aspects of the Oxygen Effect

III. Repair in Vitro

IV. Repair in Vivo

V. Repair of Molecular Damage

References

Manifestations of Damage from Ionizing Radiation in Mammalian Cells in the Postirradiation Generations

I. Introduction

II. Cellular Effects

III. Subcellular Effects: Chromosome Aberrations

IV. Effects on the Synthesis of Macromolecules

V. Relation of the Behavior of Cells in the Postirradiation Generations to Cell Death

References

Heritable Lesions Affecting Proliferation of Irradiated Mammalian Cells

I. Introduction

II. Early Observations

III. Basic Techniques in the Study of Heritable Lesions

IV. Heritably Damaged Cells

V. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Densely Ionizing Radiations

VI. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Tritiated Compounds

VII. The Oxygen Effect

VIII. Induction of Heritable Lesions by Alkylating Agents and Other Factors

IX. Observations in Vivo

X. Heritable Lesions and Survival Determination

XI. Late Recovery

XII. Quantification of Heritably Damaged Cells on the Basis of Growth Observations

XIII. Postirradiation Intrapopulation Disturbances and Recovery

XIV. Conjectures as to the Nature of Heritable Lesions and the Mechanisms of Late Recovery

XV. Significance for Radiotherapy

XVI. Summary and Future Objectives

References

Tritium in the Environment

I. Introduction

II. Physical Characteristics

III. Sources of Tritium

IV. World Tritium Inventory

V. Metabolism of Tritium: Intake and Distribution

VI. Isotopic Effects and Transmutation

VII. Dosimetry of Tritium

VIII. Population Exposure to Tritium and Related Risks

IX. Summary

References

Subject Index

Erratum

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Advances in Radiation Biology

Volume 8

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