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Elsevier

Books in Environmental sciences

The Environmental Sciences titles present critical research and insights into the complex interactions within natural ecosystems, climate systems, and human impacts on the environment. Covering areas such as biodiversity, sustainability, climate change, and resource management, these titles support scientific discovery and practical solutions for addressing today’s most pressing environmental challenges. This collection is essential for researchers, policymakers, and students dedicated to advancing environmental understanding and stewardship

  • Modeling for All Scales

    An Introduction to System Simulation
    • 1st Edition
    • Howard T. Odum + 1 more
    • English
    All manner of models are used to describe, simulate, extrapolate, and ultimately understand the function of dynamic systems. These sorts of models are usually based upon a mathematical foundation that can be difficult to manipulate especially for students. Modeling for All Scales uses object-oriented programming to erect and evaluate the efficacy of models of small, intermediate and large scale systems. Such models allow users to employ intuitively based symbols and a systems ecology approach. The authors have been leaders in the systems ecology community and have originated much of the scientific vocabulary of the field. After introducing modeling and its benefits, there is a series of chapters detailing the more particular elements of successful simulation. There follows another series of chapters, each devoted to models of different sorts of systems. Small scale models of growth, competition, and evolution give way, successively, to larger and larger scale models such as international trade and the global geobiosphere. Anyone interested in an easy to use approach to modeling complex systems authored by perhaps the most original systems ecologists of the century will want this book. To further enhance the users ability to apply the lessons of this book, there is included a CD-ROM disc which provides the fundamental tools for modeling at all scales.

  • Origins of Life

    On Earth and in the Cosmos
    • 2nd Edition
    • Geoffrey Zubay
    • English
    Origins of Life on the Earth and in the Cosmos, Second Edition, suggests answers to the age-old questions of how life arose in the universe and how it might arise elsewhere. This thorough revision of a very successful text describes key events in the evolution of living systems, starting with the creation of an environment suitable for the origins of life. Whereas one may never be able to reconstruct the precise pathway that led to the origin of life on earth, one can certainly make some plausible reconstructions of it. Such discussions have greatly expanded our understanding of the principles of chemical evolution and how they compare and contrast with the principles of biological evolution. The text is strong on biochemistry and its recent applications to origins' research.

  • Advanced Cleaning Product Formulations, Vol. 5

    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest W. Flick
    • English
    This book (Volume 5) presents several hundred advanced cleaning product formulations for household, industrial and automotive applications. All formulations are completely different from those in other volumes, so there is no repetition between volumes.

  • Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • L.R. Walker
    • English
    As the human population inexorably grows, its cumulative impact on the Earth's resources is hard to ignore. The ability of the Earth to support more humans is dependent on the ability of humans to manage natural resources wisely. Because disturbance alters resource levels, effective management requires understanding of the ecology of disturbance. This book is the first to take a global approach to the description of both natural and anthropogenic disturbance regimes that physically impact the ground. Natural disturbances such as erosion, volcanoes, wind, herbivory, flooding and drought plus anthropogenic disturbances such as foresty, grazing, mining, urbanization and military actions are considered. Both disturbance impacts and the biotic recovery are addressed as well as the interactions of different types of disturbance. Other chapters cover processes that are important to the understanding of disturbance of all types including soil processes, nutrient cycles, primary productivity, succession, animal behaviour and competition. Humans react to disturbances by avoiding, exacerbating, or restoring them or by passing environmental legislation. All of these issues are covered in this book.Managers need better predictive models and robust data-collections that help determine both site-specfic and generalized responses to disturbance. Multiple disturbances have a complex effect on both physical and biotic processes as they interact. This book provides a wealth of detail about the process of disturbance and recovery as well as a synthesis of the current state of knowledge about disturbance theory, with extensive documentation.

  • Interlaboratory Studies and Certified Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis

    The BCR Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 22
    • E.A. Maier + 1 more
    • English
    The participation in interlaboratory studies and the use of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) are widely recognised tools for the verification of the accuracy of analytical measurements and they form an integral part of quality control systems used by many laboratories, e.g. in accreditation schemes. As a response to the need to improve the quality of environmental analysis, the European Commission has been active in the past fifteen years, through BCR activity (now renamed Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme) in the organisation of series of interlaboratory studies involving expert laboratories in various analytical fields (inorganic, trace organic and speciation analysis applied to a wide variety of environmental matrices). The BCR and its successor have the task of helping European laboratories to improve the quality of measurements in analytical sectors which are vital for the European Union (biomedical, agriculture, food, environment and industry); these are most often carried out in support of EC regulations, industrial needs, trade, monitoring activities (including environment, agriculture, health and safety) and, more generally, when technical difficulties hamper a good comparability of data among EC laboratories. The collaborative projects carried out so far have placed the BCR in the position of second world CRM producer (after NIST in the USA).Interlaboratory Studies and Certification of Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis gives an account of the importance of reference materials for the quality control of environmental analysis and describes in detail the procedures followed by BCR to prepare environmental reference materials, including aspects related to sampling, stabilization, homogenisation, homogeneity and stability testing, establishment of reference (or certified) values, and use of reference materials. Examples of environmental CRMs produced by BCR within the last 15 years are given, which represent more than 70 CRMs covering different types of materials (plants, biological materials, waters, sediments, soils and sludges, coals, ash and dust materials) certified for a range of chemical parameters (major and trace elements, chemical species, PAHs, PCBs, pesticides and dioxins).The final section of the book describes how to organise improvement schemes for the evaluation method and/or laboratory performance. Examples of interlaboratory studies (learning scheme, proficiency testing and intercomparison in support to prenormative research) are also given.

  • Advances in Ecological Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • English
    The six reviews in this latest issue of Advances in Ecological Research cover a broad spectrum of ecology, from micro-patterns and processes, to the ecophysiology of the individual organism, to forest-scale processes. Topics covered include the possible evolutionary forces that have shaped particular strategies, and the potential and limitations for techniques in ecology, such as fractal geometry, field experiments and eddy co-variance measures. Despite this diversity of topics, there are plenty of points of contact and cross-reference.

  • Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects III

    • 1st Edition
    • W.R. Chappell + 2 more
    • English
    The Society of Environmental Geochemistry and Health (SEGH) Third International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects was held from July 12-15, 1998 in San Diego, California. Several outstanding papers and posters generated lively discussion and debate not only about scientific issues but also about policy and regulatory issues. While developed countries are considering spending perhaps billions of dollars per year to reach concentrations of 10 micrograms per liter or less, countries like Bangladesh, India and China are trying to deal with much more severe, epidemic scale, arsenic problems with millions of dollars or less.Like its predecessors in 1994 and 1995, The Third SEGH International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects (1998) continued the theme of global impact of arsenic. In addition, two new countries with significant arsenic problems, Inner Mongolia and Bangladesh, were represented. The Bangladesh problem could be larger than the one in West Bengal with a possible two-thirds of the population at risk. The conference also featured a session on mechanisms of cancer carcinogenesis. Several scientists presented their work on this important issue which is central to considerations of such questions as the shape of the dose-response curve at low doses. This latter issue was featured in the final session of the conference. Another session that was new and of great interest was on the treatment of victims of chronic arsenic poisoning.This was the most dynamic conference to date and this resulting monograph represents the state-of-the-art in arsenic research on a worldwide basis. It will contribute to the solution of the many problems caused by arsenic exposure throughout the world.

  • Marine Ecologonomics

    The Ecology and Economics of Marine Natural Resources Management
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • A.V. Souvorov
    • English
    This book outlines a framework for analysis of marine resource management incorporating ecological and economic considerations and technological feasibility. Ecologonomics - a new emerging science combining economic and ecological concepts and principles - is introduced. Its use in studying changes in natural processes occurring in the marine environment in combination with analysing economic consequences of human impact on marine ecosystems is demonstrated. A unique book, which offers a rare insight into the research achievements of Russian scientists.

  • Streams and Ground Waters

    • 1st Edition
    • Jeremy B. Jones + 1 more
    • English
    Streams around the world flow toward the sea in floodplains. All along this transit, there is exchange of water between the stream itself and the surrounding sediments which form the floodplain. Many chemical, biological, and geological processes occur when water moves back and forth between streams and these flood plain sediments. Streams and Groundwaters focuses on the consequences of water flow between streams, their underlying sediments, and surrounding landscapes. Certain to appeal to anyone interested in stream ecology, the management of stream ecosystems, or landscape ecology, this volume should become a oft-opened reference.

  • Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere

    Theory, Experiments, and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts + 1 more
    • English
    Here is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of one of the hottest areas of chemical research. The treatment of fundamental kinetics and photochemistry will be highly useful to chemistry students and their instructors at the graduate level, as well as postdoctoral fellows entering this new, exciting, and well-funded field with a Ph.D. in a related discipline (e.g., analytical, organic, or physical chemistry, chemical physics, etc.). Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere provides postgraduate researchers and teachers with a uniquely detailed, comprehensive, and authoritative resource. The text bridges the "gap" between the fundamental chemistry of the earth's atmosphere and "real world" examples of its application to the development of sound scientific risk assessments and associated risk management control strategies for both tropospheric and stratospheric pollutants.

  • Human Gene Evolution

    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Presents the principles of human gene evolution in a concise and easy to understand fashion. Uses examples of how evolutionary processes have molded present day genes, drawn from the evolution of humans and other primates, as well as from more primitive organisms. With increasing attention in this expanding area, this review forms a timely publication of our current knowledge of this important field.

  • Protecting Personnel at Hazardous Waste Sites

    • 3rd Edition
    • William Martin + 1 more
    • English
    The latest edition of Protecting Personnel at Hazardous Waste Sites brings together a wide range of occupational safety and health recommendations and practices directly applying to hazardous waste site cleanups. In addition to providing the most current information on maximum protection for cleanup personnel, this book is a practical, authoritative guide for those involved in cleanup operations. The completely updated third edition cites the newest OSHA and NIOSH recommendations that have developed over the past decade and explores the new federal emphasis in hazardous waste site cleanups such as radiation safety, toxicology, unexploded ordnance, OSHA training, EPA training, and site health and safety plans.

  • Advances in Marine Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 37
    • English
    Walleye Pollock is one of the world's largest fisheries. In this volume, the first review describes the population biology of walleye Pollock including its life history, population dynamics, genetic structure, and metapopulation structure. The second review discusses pollutants and the marine environment using ecotoxicological bioassays with bivalve embryos and larvae. These tests ascertain the effects of pure chemicals and determine the quality of effluents, coastal waters, and sediments sampled in the field.Advances in Marine Biology has always offered marine biologists an in-depth and up-to-date review on a variety of topics. As well as many volumes that provide a selection of important topics, the series also includes thematic volumes that examine a particular field in detail.

  • Estuaries

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • English
    The importance and ecological significance of estuaries has been long appreciated. In the last few years, there has been increased research activity, resulting in significant advances in understanding of estuarine ecology. This special thematic volume of Advances in Ecological Research provides an overview of a number of the important areas. Ranging from the macroscale: how differences in river basins influence the loads of nutrients, through the impacts and fates of the nutrient loads, to how both phytoplanktonic and benthic estuarine primary production are regulated. There is also a review of the key factors influencing the outcome of management decisions for estuaries from the point of sustainability of estuarine resources. This volume is essential reading and reference for all those interested in estuaries including ecologists, environmental scientists, botanists, and zoologists.

  • Green Electronics/Green Bottom Line

    Environmentally Responsible Engineering
    • 1st Edition
    • Lee H Goldberg
    • English
    Environmentally safe engineering is one of the hottest and most controversial topics in technical circles. Though many publications offer theory and intellectual discussion of the topic, this book provides practical, hands-on advice including hints and tips from the nation's top engineers. Green Electronics/Green Bottom Line offers practical advice for engineers and managers who want or need to incorporate environmental issues into the design process. The emerging discipline of Design for the Environment (DfE) combines engineering know-how with environmental awareness. Topics include international policy issues such as ISO 14000, materials selection (e.g., for recyclability), manufacturing concerns like no-flux processes, and design issues such as power consumption. Real-world cases show how these elements can be included in everyday designs. Each chapter opens with a topical cartoon and lively story, interview or editorial. The discussion will then move to specific engineering issues and their economic and social context. The last section explores larger possibilities and new directions still to be explored by engineers concerned with education, health, and environmental quality. Contributors include engineers from Motorola, Analog Devices, Dupont, Compaq, Nortel, AMD, and Apple Computer, and academics from universities in the US, Canada, the UK, and Europe, as well as the Rocky Mountain Institute.

  • Handbook of Hazardous Chemical Properties

    • 1st Edition
    • Nicholas P Cheremisinoff
    • English
    This volume provides extensive health (toxicological) and safety handling information and data on over 1,000 chemicals of commercial and industrial importance. This volume will provide extensive health (toxicological) and safe-handling information and data on more than 1000 chemicals of commercial and industrial importance. It provides chemical specific information pertinent to safe handling and transportation of chemicals, worker protection, emergency response information to address spills, explosions on fire situations, and chemical stability/reactivity data. It is designed as a standard reference handbook for chemical engineers, safety engineers, toxicologists, fire safety specialists, chemists, laboratory and plant technicians.

  • Ecotoxicology

    The Study of Pollutants in Ecosystems
    • 3rd Edition
    • Frank Moriarty
    • English
    Ecotoxicology, Third Edition discusses the ecological effects of pollutants: the ways in which ecosystems can be affected, and current attempts to predict and monitor such effects. The emphasis is on ecosystems; therefore toxicological approaches are critically assessed. Following a brief introduction to the principal characteristics of both pollutants and ecosystems, the various ecosystem components are considered in more detail. Populations, communities and gene pools are examined with an emphasis on the ways in which pollutants affect them specifically. The indirect effects of pollution are considered separately in a new chapter with particular attention paid to the mechanisms and biological effects of global warming. A discussion of the methods used to predict and to monitor the effects of pollutants, some illustrative examples of pollution problems and a final summary discussion, complete the book.

  • Environmental Analytical Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 32
    • D. Pérez-Bendito + 1 more
    • English
    Notwithstanding the vast amount of environmental analytical chemical literature available, publications dealing with environmental analytical chemistry in a general, integrated manner are rather scant. In fact, most literature on such a relevant topic appears to touch on individual aspects such as water or air pollution, applicable conventional or special equipment used with given matrices and specific pollutant groups. Most of these books are of interest to experts and only a few, if any, provide less experienced readers with a systematic, comprehensive description of environmental analytical issues. This book, which is intended to fill the gap, approaches the subject by focusing on the sample and its handling.The fourteen chapters that make up the book follow a logical sequence of sample matrices and analyte types. The first six are of paramount importance, as they lay the foundations for a basic, yet comprehensive coverage of the subject in the others. Following the required introduction to environmental chemistry, Chapters 2 to 6 deal sequentially with environmental quality assurance, quality control fundamentals and practical aspects of environmental sampling, the preconcentration of environmental samples and environmental control standards. Chapters 7 to 12 are concerned with the analytical control of inorganic and organic pollutants in air, water and soil. Finally, the last two chapters are devoted to speciation and chemometrics in environmental analysis. Each chapter presents the state-of-the-art of the environmental topic covered, and illustrates it with a wealth of practical examples. Overall, the book contains about one hundred tables, almost two hundred figures and more than 1700 references, all of which make it a pedagogical, current reference work.On the borderline between a textbook and a monograph, it is intended to be useful both as an academic text for the burgeoning number of undergraduate and postgraduate courses on the subject, as a reference book for those starting work in the environmental field and as a source of first-hand information on environmental science and its practical laboratory aspects.

  • Advances in Agronomy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 66
    • English
    This latest volume contains five reviews covering key contemporary topics in agronomy. As always, the topics covered are varied and exemplary of the panoply of subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial. Advances in Agronomy continues to be recognized as a leading reference and a first-rate source of the latest and best research in agronomy.

  • Carbon Dioxide and Environmental Stress

    • 1st Edition
    • Luo Yiqi + 1 more
    • English
    This book focuses on the interactive effects of environmental stresses with plant and ecosystem functions, especially with respect to changes in the abundance of carbon dioxide. The interaction of stresses with elevated carbon dioxide are presented from the cellular through whole plant ecosystem level. The book carefully considers not only the responses of the above-ground portion of the plant, but also emphasizes the critical role of below-ground (rhizosphere) components (e.g., roots, microbes, soil) in determining the nature and magnitude of these interactions.

  • Air Pollution in the 21st Century

    Priority Issues and Policy
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 72
    • T. Schneider
    • English
    This symposium was jointly organized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and The Netherlands Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment. These proceedings will provide a stimulus for taking up the challenges of environmental policy development in the 21st century, and will contribute to continuing co-operation.Clean air is a basic condition for health. Air pollution aggravates respiratory problems, leading to increased sickness absenteeism, increased use of health care services and even premature mortality. Air pollution is under intensive discussion in the United States and Europe.In The Netherlands, a wide range of policy instruments have been formulated which have reduced air pollution. For example; since 1975, sulphur dioxide and lead emissions have been reduced. However, emission reduction figures for many other substances are more modest. Many air pollution problems persist because progress in countering these problems is nullified by growth in the economy and traffic. Another important target is the prevention of climate change. The international community is agreed that the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has led to a gradual increase in the earth's temperature. In terms of the environmental consequences and social implications, the greenhouse problem surpasses all other air quality problems.Across Europe, strategies are being developed to reduce acidification and photochemical air pollution. An air emission ceiling for each country in the European Union is being agreed. In the area of climate change, there is good co-operation between the United States, The Netherlands and other EU Members States in the ongoing global negotiations. This is the start of a new movement. In the last century economies and societies developed through increasing human productivity. In the next century they must develop through increasing the productivity of fuel and natural resources.

  • Approaches to Scaling of Trace Gas Fluxes in Ecosystems

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • A.F. Bouwman
    • English
    This excellent book covers techniques used for extrapolating measurements of trace gas fluxes and factors regulating the production, consumption and exchange of trace gases in terrestrial and aquatic environments.It provides a comprehensive summary of all aspects of scaling, from flux measurement techniques, geographic data, modelling, use of tracers and isotopes, inverse modelling and satellite-borne atmospheric observations. An interesting feature of the book is the fact that both fluxes from terrestrial and aquatic (marine) sources are discussed, along with the uncertainties in estimates of trace gas fluxes at different scales, including point, field, landscape, regional and global scale.As well as reviewing the state of the art in the field of scaling of fluxes of greenhouse gases, ozone and aerosol and their precursors, and acidifying compounds, the emphasis of this volume is on identification of gaps in knowledge, finding solutions, and determination of future research directions.

  • Advances in Ecological Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 28
    • English
    This volume contains papers highlighting the diverse interests of modern ecologists. Areas covered range from modeling terrestrial carbon exchange and storage to the relationship between animal abundance and body size. Other papers address the free-air carbon dioxide enrichment in global change research; generalist predators, interaction strength, and food web stability; delays, demography, and cycles; and spatial root segregation. This volume is essential for all ecologists.

  • Environmental Requirements for Electromechanical and Electrical Equipment

    • 1st Edition
    • Ray Tricker + 1 more
    • English
    Environmental Requirements for Electromechanical and Electrical Equipment is the definitive reference containing all of the background guidance, typical ranges, details of recommended test specifications, case studies and regulations covering the environmental requirements on designers and manufacturers of electrical and electromechanical equipment worldwide. The recent introduction of the European EMC directive is just one aspect of the requirements placed upon manufacturers and designers of electrical equipment. There are numerous national and international standards and specifications that describe the application environment in which equipment must function. Factors that must be taken into account include temperature, solar radiation, humidity, pressure, weather and the effects of water and salt, pollutants and contaminants, mechanical stresses and vibration, ergonomic considerations, electrical safety including EMC, reliability and performance. A broad range of standard tests exist which must be passed by equipment if it is to fulfil the requirements placed upon it. Ray Tricker is the author of a number of books describing the regulatory framework within which the electronics and electrical equipment industry must function, including Quality and Standards in Electronics, also published by Newnes. This latest volume will give the designer or manufacturer a first point of reference when negotiating the minefield that is the global market for their products.

  • Emergency Response Planning

    For Corporate and Municipal Managers
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul A. Erickson
    • English
    Emergencies wreak havoc on businesses and governments on a daily basis. Whether it is a hurricane pounding a coastal community, a terrorist attack on a company's headquarters, or a hazardous chemical spill at a local school, the results can be loss of life, health, and property. How can you prevent or reduce the effects of such occurrences? By planning ahead.Emergency Response Planning is designed to help corporate and municipal managers quickly understand their roles in proactive and reactive emergency management. Author Paul Erickson shows how to develop partnerships with federal, state, and local government agencies, as well as community groups in order to prevent, prepare for, and respond to natural disasters and manmade emergencies.Emergenc... Response Planning provides essential information to help you comply with government regulations, design an emergency response plan, train personnel, use the proper safety equipment, safeguard information systems, and resume normal operations after an emergency as quickly as possible. It will also help consultants design emergency response plans for their clients, and provide practical information for students studying business continuity and emergency issues.

  • Economic Risk in Hydrocarbon Exploration

    • 1st Edition
    • Ian Lerche + 1 more
    • English
    Economic Risk in Hydrocarbon Exploration provides a total framework for assessing the uncertainties associated with exploration risk from beginning to end. Numerous examples with accompanying microcomputer algorithms illustrate how to quantitatively approach economic risk. The text compares detailed assumptions and models of economic risk, and presents numerical examples throughout to facilitate hands-on calculations using popular spread-sheet packages on personal computers.

  • Groundwater Remediation and Treatment Technologies

    • 1st Edition
    • Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
    • English
    This volume has been organized for practicing engineers who deal with the problems of groundwater and leachate remediation. It is intended to provide a practical overview of both techniques for evaluating groundwater quality and in selecting remediation technologies that are cost effective. Emphasis is given to advanced remediation methods.

  • Evolution!

    Facts and Fallacies
    • 1st Edition
    • J. William Schopf
    • English
    The proceedings of the March 1997 symposium on Evolution! Facts and Fallacies are published in this short, accessible, and profusely-illustrate... text. When Darwin originated his concept of descent with modification by means of natural selection, evolution became the instant focus of uncertainty and debate. In Evolution! noted experts sort facts from fallacies by answering questions most often asked of Darwin's grand theory. Interwoven throughout is the broad theme of how science is done and the answer to the most crucial question of all: How can we be sure that science will uncover the truth? Contributors are key experts on evolution and extraterrestrial life. Written at an easily understandable level, this book is accessible as well as entertaining to the general reader, high school, and college student.

  • Checklist for Sustainable Landscape Management

    Final Report of the EU Concerted Action AIR3-CT93-1210
    • 1st Edition
    • J.D. van Mansvelt + 1 more
    • English
    This work is an interdisciplinary, cross-cultural, widely-calibrated checklist for EU sustainable landscape management, which is intended to serve both as an analytical tool of reference as well as a design tool for local, regional and European policy making on sustainable developments.The tool has been developed out of a multidisciplinary study in EU countries which was designed to find out what would be the overall requirements for a sustainable management of the landscape of rural areas. Could these stipulations be brought together in a comprehensive system with sufficient consistency to comply with the notion that the landscape is an entity, which should be managed accordingly? Cooperation of the scientific experts with those involved in the practical side, and alternating plenary reporting with subgroup visits to farms in the rural landscapes of the participants' countries, allowed for the development of some truly interdisciplinary teamwork. Organic agriculture has been included to find out how organic agriculture contributes to the rural landscape.

  • Elsevier's Dictionary of Environment

    In English, French, Spanish and Arabic
    • 1st Edition
    • M. Bakr
    • English
    The main objective of Elsevier's Dictionary of Environment is to assist those involved in environmental activities in their attempt to make the world cleaner and to sustain its natural resources for future generations. It will help with the production of documentation for meetings and conferences as well as for drafting papers for training, information and communication purposes.Environment... concerns are important items on the political and economic agendas of most countries, whether developed or developing. In a world conscious of its environmental problems, studies in this domain have become an established discipline. Every new branch of science needs to define relevant terms to be used through the medium of language.The subject of environment is global because it touches everyone. Individuals, specialists or institutions concerned with the health of our planet need to mean the same thing when communicating with each other, notwithstanding language differences. The compilation of a multilingual dictionary on environment is not easy. The inclusion or omission of certain terms is an important question. However, the choice of terms, in this text, is based on two assumptions: (1) the most commonly used terms, (2) their translatability into other languages without losing their intended meaning. Consideration of regional differences of the same languages has been taken into account.This dictionary contains terms covering the following fields and subfields: air pollution, biological diversity, biomass energy, biosafety, biotechnology, climate change, coastal environment, deforestation, desertification, endangered species, energy conservation, environmental economics, environmental impact assessment, forest conservation, freshwater pollution, global warming, greenhouse gases, human settlements, living marine resources, marine environment, mountain ecosystems, ozone layer, resources management, soil degradation, sustainable development, tropical ecosystem, wetland ecosystem.The layout of this dictionary is such that each language included may be used as a target as well as a source language.

  • Macro-Engineering and the Earth

    World Projects for Year 2000 and Beyond
    • 1st Edition
    • U W Kitzinger + 1 more
    • English
    This work delivers ideas, comments and projects on energy, communications, transport, management, human resources, and financial and legal issues which macroengineering can contribute towards the solution of the Earth's environmental problems. Some 20 engineers and scholars identify problems in the next century whose solutions call for international policy planning and a more collaborative, peaceful and prosperous world order.Imaginative concepts employ forward thinking for applying technology in revolutionary projects. The book presents results of research on a triple helical turbine capable of extracting vast amounts of energy from slow-moving water, an invention which could harness rivers and ocean currents, rendering high dams (with their political, social and ecological implications) redundant. These turbines are already in mass production in the USA for use in the Gulf Stream to produce energy and hydrogen fuel, and can also be used to harness power from the wind.Another project, for which the technology is already available, will harvest solar energy by satellites stationed beyond our atmosphere and beam it to the Earth; and yet another calls for planetary defence of Earth against asteroid collisions. The environmental section discusses large projects for changing our climate, planning and costing for a sub-Mediterranean aqueduct connecting the River Rhone in France with Algeria, and plans for intensive fish farming of the oceans. The role of satellites includes telemedicine, and there are Swiss plans for further tunnelling through the Alps. Project management sections include the formation of a military-civilian conservation corps, financial and legal issues, macro-projects in China, and a forecast of 21st century macro-problems.

  • Water Use, Management, and Planning in the United States

    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen A. Thompson
    • English
    Water Use Management, and Planning in the United States is designed with new college classes on water resources in mind. It provides information on hydrology, biology, geology, economics, and geography along with historical water policies and regional regulations. The text reflects the transdisciplinary nature of water resources management, moving between descriptive discussions and quantitative analysis to bridge the social and physical sciences. Also providedare frequent case studies and examples to illustrate real-world applications, and includes sidebars throughout to reinforce major points. This book is a result of the authors years of teaching, giving a prescription for an intelligent integrated systemsapproach to water resources management.

  • Primate Adaptation and Evolution

    • 2nd Edition
    • John G. Fleagle
    • English
    John Fleagle has improved on his 1988 text by reconceptualizing chapters and by bringing new findings in functional and evolutionary approaches to bear on his synthesis of comparative primate data. The Second Edition provides a foundation upon which students can develop an understanding of our primate heritage. It features up-to-date information gained through academic training, laboratory experience and field research. This beautifully illustrated volume provides a comprehensive introductory text explaining the many aspects of primate biology and human evolution.

  • Environmental Soil Physics

    Fundamentals, Applications, and Environmental Considerations
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Hillel
    • English
    Environmental Soil Physics is a completely updated and modified edition of the Daniel Hillels previous, successful books, Introduction to Soil Physics and Fundamentals of Soil Physics. Hillel is a Pulitzer Prize-winning author, one of the true leaders in the field of environmental sciences. The new version includes a chapter and problems on computational techniques, addresses current environmental concerns and trends.

  • Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection

    • 1st Edition
    • Tim R. Birkhead + 1 more
    • English
    Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection presents the intricate ways in which sperm compete to fertilize eggs and how this has prompted reinterpretations of breeding behavior. This book provides a theoretical framework for the study of sperm competition, which is a central part of sexual selection. It also discusses the roles of females and the relationships between paternal care in sperm competition. The chapters focusing on taxonomic development are diverse and cover all the major animal groups, both vertebrate and invertebrate, and plants. The final chapter provides an overview discussing the relationship between sperm competition and sexual selection in terms of both function and mechanism and how these translate into species fitness. This book will be of prime interest to behaviorists, ecologists and evolutionary biologists, suggesting new avenues of research and new ways of approaching old problems.

  • Monitoring Vertebrate Populations

    • 1st Edition
    • William L. Thompson + 2 more
    • English
    This book is written to serve as a general reference for biologists and resource managers with relatively little statistical training. It focuses on both basic concepts and practical applications to provide professionals with the tools needed to assess monitoring methods that can detect trends in populations. It combines classical finite population sampling designs with population enumeration procedures in a unified approach for obtaining abundance estimates for species of interest. The statistical information is presented in practical, easy-to-understand terminology.

  • Monitoring of Water Quality

    The Contribution of Advanced Technologies
    • 1st Edition
    • F. Colin + 1 more
    • English
    Water can be considered as one of the basic elements supporting life and the natural environment, a primary component for industry, a consumer item for humans and animals and a vector for domestic and industrial pollution. Various European Directives already provide a framework for the control of aquatic substances, the quality of bathing, surface and drinking water and effluent control.Such regulatory measures are closely related to analytical measurements. In order to comply with these regulations on a permanent basis, treatment plants and distribution companies, as well as water users and polluters, need to implement automated measuring techniques, such as sensors and other analytical tools in continuous or sequential mode to obtain suitable alarm systems and facilitate the management of water resources and decision making processes.This approach is in continuous evolution within the European Union. In view of the consequences of wrong measurements, it is vital that reliable quality control systems be achieved and maintained. At present, only a small range of analytical parameters can be measured automatically, it is therefore necessary to develop and validate new methods to extend the list of parameters. The development of new methodologies requires that the most recent know-how in fields such as optics, electrochemistry, biochemistry, chemometrics and others be shared by experts.In order to identify possible actions to be undertaken in the field of standards, measurements and testing for monitoring water quality, the Standards Measurements and Testing (SMT) Programme of the European Union, organised a European workshop that was held in Nancy 29-31 May 1997. This workshop bought together researchers and industrial users with the aim to make an overview of the present state-of-the-art, to consider possible improvements in existing techniques and the need and possibilities of developing new advanced technologies.

  • Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control IV

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 116
    • N. Kruse + 2 more
    • English
    In spite of the energy crises and the recession, there has been a global, explosive growth in the amount of motor vehicles. In the past 50 years, the amount has increased from 50 to 700 million vehicles. For economical reasons they will probably continue to be used for a considerable number of years, despite the poor yield of internal combustion engines resulting in the inevitable production of some gaseous pollutants. The subsequent increase of gaseous pollutants in our atmosphere caused by exhaust gas from automobiles has enhanced the problem of the elimination of these pollutants produced by internal combustion engines. Catalysis has proven to be the best solution to lower the content of exhaust gas in pollutants.As its predecessors, CAPoC4 proved to be a suitable platform for discussing technological improvements and developments along with future perspectives and challenges. In the light of new results and further legislative regulations, the following topics were intensely discussed: *low light-off behaviour based on improved catalysts and substrate formulations*efficie... adsorber systems for storage of hydrocarbon emissions*electrical... heated catalyst systems ahead the main catalyst or, alternatively, close coupled catalysts (at the manifold of the engine)• lean DeNOx catalysts allowing for decomposition of NOx in the oxygen-rich exhaust of direct injection gasoline engines and high speed injection diesel engines or, alternatively, NOx trapping/reduction in a hybrid approach* collection and destruction of dry particulates or soot.There is no doubt that clean vehicle technology is a vital part of improving air quality. Challenges remain and call for technological answers. Catalytic air pollution control is still an area providing a considerable incentive for innovative work.

  • Methods in Stream Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • F. Richard Hauer + 1 more
    • English
    Methods in Stream Ecology provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This unique book covers five important areas of stream ecology: physical stream ecology, material storage and transport, stream biota, community interactions, and ecosystem processes. Each chapter is specifically designed to be both cutting-edge and comprehensive to anyone beginning a study of stream ecology. Useful as a textbook for a course in stream ecology, this book is also a critical reference for those who are not trained as stream ecologists, but are required to evaluate the status of streams. Methods in Stream Ecology is far-reaching in scope and essential for anyone interested in stream ecology.

  • Forest Ecosystems

    Analysis at Multiple Scales
    • 2nd Edition
    • Richard H. Waring + 1 more
    • English
    This book provides new methods of analysis by introducing new techniques to explore the changes in climatic cycles, the implications of wide-scale pollution, fire and other ecological disturbances that have a global effect on all life forms. It provides the reader with almost 40 percent new material in an attempt to organize principles and provide examples for expanding the horizon of ecosystem analyses. It also defines terms and explains concepts in a variety of ways by providing models, equations, graphs, and tabular examples. To help facilitate analysis, the book includes a CD-ROM with additional illustrations and Forest BGC software.

  • Population Limitation in Birds

    • 1st Edition
    • Ian Newton
    • English
    This book meets the demand for a comprehensive introduction to understanding the processes of population limitation. Recognized world-wide as a respected biologist and communicator, Dr. Ian Newton has now written a clear and detailed treatise on local scale population limiting factors in birds. It is based almost entirely on results from field studies, though it is set in a contemporary theoretical framework. The 16 chapters fall under three major section headings: Behavior and Density Regulation; Natural Limiting Factors; and Human Impacts. Population Limitation in Birds serves as a needed resource expanding on Dr. David Lacks research in this area of ornithology in the 1950s. It includes numerous line diagrams and beautiful illustrations by acclaimed wildlife artist Keith Brockie.

  • Advances in Chemical Conversions for Mitigating Carbon Dioxide

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 114
    • T. Inui + 4 more
    • English
    Global environmental problems, especially global warming caused by the accelerative accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, are of great importance for humans. The world's population is now approaching 6 billion, and is still increasing. Developments in communication systems and transportation tools have made the circulation of information, technologies and materials easier, which results in rapid economic growth, particularly in the East and Southeastern Asian countries. Increased affluence leads to an increased consumption of fossil fuels. Inevitably, this leads to an increase in carbon dioxide emission and environmentally hazardous materials which in turn precipitates climatic changes on a global scale. Recent studies showed that the increase in carbon dioxide emission for last year was the highest in the past seven years, and the total amount of carbon dioxide emission from all over the world reached 6.5 billion tons. Furthermore, one cannot overlook the report which appeared recently in Nature, that the floor-area of the iceberg in the South Pole has already decreased by 25% in the past five decades.Over 260 scientists and engineers from 21 countries who had a strong interest and wished to contribute to solve the carbon dioxide problem attended this conference. The papers presented in this volume cover most of the possibilities of the chemical conversion of carbon dioxide.

  • Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines

    Pollutant Formation and Control
    • 1st Edition
    • Eran Sher
    • English
    This handbook is an important and valuable source for engineers and researchers in the area of internal combustion engines pollution control. It provides an excellent updated review of available knowledge in this field and furnishes essential and useful information on air pollution constituents, mechanisms of formation, control technologies, effects of engine design, effects of operation conditions, and effects of fuel formulation and additives. The text is rich in explanatory diagrams, figures and tables, and includes a considerable number of references.

  • Environmental Management

    Engineering the Water-Environment and Geo-Environment
    • 1st Edition
    • D. Sivakumar + 1 more
    • English
    The Second International Conference on Environmental Management (ICEM2) focuses on the engineering management of the water and geo environments and aims to bring together scientists, engineers and other professionals to review as well as to report on the latest developments in the field.This book contains 160 peer reviewed papers covering the following interdisciplinary themes: Sustainable development/environm... management. Water, wastewater and stormwater management. Water quality/sediment transport. Total catchment management. Waste management and industrial waste products. Geotechnology and the environment. Slope stability and landslide management. Natural hazards and management. Mine environmental engineering.

  • Elements of Marine Ecology

    • 4th Edition
    • Frances Dipper + 1 more
    • English
    The broad definition of ecology is the study of organisms in relation to their surroundings. This book presents marine ecology as a coherent science, providing undergraduate students with an essential foundation of knowledge in the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. The fourth edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to meet the needs of today's courses. A new chapter Human impact on the marine environment focuses on issues such as marine pollution, global warming, ocean management, marine nature reserves, and the effects of fisheries and aquaculture. New material has also been added on deep-sea hydrothermal vents and coral reefs, features such as El Nino, and ocean processes including the microbial loop, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and dimethyl sulphide (DMS).

  • Chemistry, Energy and the Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • César Sequeira + 1 more
    • English
    Focuses on key developments in the environmentally-frie... production of energy and its conservation through an enhanced understanding of the chemical processes involved.

  • Biotechnology for Waste and Wastewater Treatment

    • 1st Edition
    • Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
    • English
    This book examines the practices used or considered for biological treatment of water/waste-water and hazardous wastes. The technologies described involve conventional treatment processes, their variations, as well as future technologies found in current research. The book is intended for those seeking an overview to the biotechnological aspects of pollution engineering, and covers the major topics in this field. The book is divided into five major sections and references are provided for those who wish to dig deeper.

  • Principles of Water Quality Control

    • 5th Edition
    • T.H.Y. Tebbutt
    • English
    Principles of Water Quality Control is the definitive student text in its field for 25 years, this new edition takes an environmental perspective that is highly relevant in the context of current public policy debates. New material also includes EU regulations and changes in the UK water industry since privatisation. The latest technological developments are also taken into account. As before, the book is intended for undergraduate courses in civil engineering and the environmental sciences, and as preliminary reading for postgraduate courses in public health engineering and water resources technology. It will also be a vital text for post-experience training and professional development, in particular for students preparing for the examinations of the Institute of Water Pollution Control and the Institution of Public Health Engineers.

  • Advances in Environmental Control Technology: Health and Toxicology

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Cheremisinoff
    • English
    This addition to the Advances in Environmental Control Technology Series contains 23 chapters designed to provide an extensive overview and reference on human physiological responses to various forms of pollution.

  • Waste Materials in Construction

    Putting Theory into Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 71
    • G.J. Senden + 2 more
    • English
    This book presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Waste Materials in Construction, held in June 1997. The papers presented give the state of the art on leaching of materials and products, demonstration projects and product development. Results of workshops on immobilisation and quality control are also presented. A good overview of the latest results on the application of various materials in construction, based on both technical and environmental data, is provided. The book provides a unique opportunity for environmental researchers, environmental consultants, policy-makers, and those involved in the construction industry to gain the latest information on the subject.

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